Serial cloner delete features10/2/2023 ![]() In practice, localization of the gene to a chromosome or genomic region does not necessarily enable one to isolate or amplify the relevant genomic sequence. Occasionally, the term cloning is misleadingly used to refer to the identification of the chromosomal location of a gene associated with a particular phenotype of interest, such as in positional cloning. It is used in a wide array of biological experiments and practical applications ranging from genetic fingerprinting to large scale protein production. Cloning is commonly used to amplify DNA fragments containing whole genes, but it can also be used to amplify any DNA sequence such as promoters, non-coding sequences and randomly fragmented DNA. Molecular cloning refers to the process of making multiple molecules. Since the term entered the popular lexicon in a more general context, the spelling clone has been used exclusively. In horticulture, the spelling clon was used until the early twentieth century the final e came into use to indicate the vowel is a "long o" instead of a "short o". Webber, the term clone derives from the Ancient Greek word κλών ( klōn), twig, which is the process whereby a new plant is created from a twig. cloning soldiers for warfare).Ĭoined by Herbert J. ![]() In popular culture, the concept of cloning-particularly human cloning-is often depicted in science fiction depictions commonly involve themes related to identity, the recreation of historical figures or extinct species, or cloning for exploitation (i.e. Cloning has been proposed as a means of reviving extinct species. The use of embryonic stem cells, which can be produced through SCNT, in some stem cell research has attracted controversy. In bioethics, there are a variety of ethical positions regarding the practice and possibilities of cloning. Another example of artificial cloning is molecular cloning, a technique in molecular biology in which a single living cell is used to clone a large population of cells that contain identical DNA molecules. In 1996, Dolly the sheep achieved notoriety for being the first mammal cloned from a somatic cell. The artificial cloning of organisms, sometimes known as reproductive cloning, is often accomplished via somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT), a cloning method in which a viable embryo is created from a somatic cell and an egg cell. In the field of biotechnology, cloning is the process of creating cloned organisms of cells and of DNA fragments. In nature, some organisms produce clones through asexual reproduction this reproduction of an organism by itself without a mate is known as parthenogenesis. One example depicted here is quaking aspen.Ĭloning is the process of producing individual organisms with identical genomes, either by natural or artificial means. Many organisms, including aspen trees, reproduce by cloning, often creating large groups of organisms with the same DNA. For other uses, see Cloning (disambiguation). For the cloning of human beings, see Human cloning.
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